Q1.Explain any two strategies to overcome hegemony.(Delhi 2014,2011)
ANS- Hegemony can be overcome through different strategies. Two important srategies are : 1) Bandwagon strategy – some people argue that it is more prudent that it is strategically more prudent to take advantage of the oppurtunities that hegemony creates.For instance , raising eeconomic growth rate requires increased trade,technological transfers,and investment, which are best acquired by working with rather than against the hegemon. Thus , it is suggested that instead of engaging in activities opposed to the hegemonic power, it may be advisable to extract benefits by operating within the hegemonic system . This is called the bandwagon strategies.
2)HIDE– This implies staying as far as removed from the dominant power as possible . There are many examples of this behaviour.China , Russia , the Europeon Union -all of them ,in different ways,are seeking to stay below the radar . However , this would ot seem to be viable for the big ,second rank powers for long.
Q2. Explain the hegemony of the United States Of America as a structural power. (All India 2014;Delhi 2008)
ANS- The second notion of hegemony emerges from a particular understanding of the world economy.Hegemon in the second sense is reflected in the role played by the US.They are: 1)GLOBAL PUBLIC GOODS- By the global public goods ,it mean those goods that can be consumed by one person without reducing the amount of the good available for someone else.e.g: fresh air,road, are some examples of global public goods
a)SLOC: (define from
b) INTERNET: (define frm the book)
2)US SHARE IN WORLD ECONOMY: US is present in all parts of the world , in all sectors of the world economy and in all areas of technology. The US share of the world economy remains an enormous 28%.
3)US SHAPE THE GLOBAL ECONOMY– Economic predominance of the US is inseperable from its structural power,which is the power to shape the global economy in a particular way.Bretton Woods System set up by the US , still constitutes the basic structure of the world economy.
4)MBA– A classic example of the structural power of the US is the academic degree called the MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION . The first business school in the world , the Wharton school at the University of the PENNSYLVANIA was estabilished in 1881.The first MBA course outside the US was estabiished only n 1950.
Q3.What was operation enduring freedom? (All India 2013,2012)
ANS-Describe in four points from pg.no 35-36 , (ncert book,political science )
Q4.Describe any two constraints on American hegemony. (Delhi 2013;All India 2012,2010)
ANS- 1) Institutional architecture- Institutional architecture of American state is the very first constraint.In America there is a system of division of powers between th branches of govt. Due to this division of power restrictions are placed on the executive branch upon the exercise of American military power.
2)Open nature of American society- The second constraints stems from the open nature of AMERICAN society. It is basically domestic in nature.People’s participation regarding deep questioning of working of government is seen, This factor is a huge constraints of US military action overseas
Q5.Explain the hegemony of United States as a hard power.(2013)
Q6.How far it is correct to say that after 1990 Indian Foreign Policy has shifted to pro-US strategyExplain.(DELHI 2012)
ANS-PAGE NO. 45 (NCERT , POL SCIENCE BOOK)
Q7.How far is it correct to say that the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Centre was the attack on the US hegemony. Explain.(ALL INDIA 2011)
Q8.Why was the US attacked by the terrorists on 11 th september 2001?How did the US react to it?(DELHI 2011)